Privação ocupacional, saúde mental e engajamento ocupacional de idosos em distanciamento social durante a pandemia de covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/2357-9641.2025.1.47113Palavras-chave:
Distanciamento social, Pandemia por covid-19, Saúde mental, Desempenho ocupacional, IdosoResumo
Objetivos: Descrever as implicações do distanciamento social na saúde mental de idosos e no seu desempenho ocupacional, bem como verificar as situações de privação ocupacional e de engajamento ocupacional durante o distanciamento social na pandemia de covid-19. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal e de abordagem quantitativa com idosos a partir de 60 anos, de ambos os sexos e pertencentes a grupos de convivência. Foram realizadas entrevistas via ligações telefônicas, com a aplicação de um questionário elaborado para esta pesquisa. Também foi utilizado o instrumento Patient Health Questionnaire-4 para o rastreio de sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade. Resultados: A amostra contou com 55 participantes, sendo que 97,27% referiram sofrer privação ocupacional, 32,7% relataram alterações no desempenho ocupacional e 32,7% conseguiram se engajar em novas ocupações. Ademais, 10,9% apresentaram indicadores de sintomas depressivos, 16,4% de ansiedade e 5,4% ambas as condições. A variável “depressão” mostrou-se associada às variáveis “distanciamento social” e “alterações no desempenho ocupacional”. Já “ansiedade” mostrou associação significativa com a variável “alterações no desempenho ocupacional”. Idosos que se engajaram em novas ocupações apresentaram menores índices de sintomas relacionados à saúde mental (27,7%). Conclusões: Neste estudo, foi observada a ocorrência de situações de privação ocupacional e que poucos participantes conseguiram encontrar novas ocupações durante o período. Isso denota a dificuldade dos indivíduos em descobrirem novas atividades para se envolverem. Novos engajamentos ocupacionais podem trazer benefícios à saúde, minimizando o adoecimento psíquico, e os terapeutas da área podem auxiliar nesse processo, durante situações de privação ocupacional.
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