¿Es posible desprescribir los fármacos agonistas de los receptores benzodiacepínicos en los ancianos?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/2357-9641.2023.1.45098Palabras clave:
deprescripciones, receptores de GABA-A, ancianoResumen
Objetivos: verificar la viabilidad y los factores relacionados con la deprescripción de agonistas de los receptores benzodiacepínicos (ARBZ).
Métodos: se realizó un estudio longitudinal, prospectivo e intervencionista con ancianos que acudían a la consulta externa de psiquiatría geriátrica, divididos en dos grupos: usuarios y no usuarios de ARBZ. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron un cuestionario general, la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica Reducida, el Inventario de Ansiedad Geriátrica y el Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburg.
Resultados: se evaluaron 74 pacientes, 40 (54,1%) usuários de ARBZ y 34 (45,9%) no usuarios, con una edad media de 71,3±7,5 años. Los pacientes que tomaban ARBZ presentaron la mayor tasa de abandonos del proceso de desprescripción con 26 (65%). Siete pacientes dejaron de tomar ARBZ por completo (17,5%) y cinco redujeron su consumo (12,5%). Con respecto a los síntomas depresivos y de ansiedad, las puntuaciones medias fueron más bajas en la evaluación final. Con respecto a la calidad del sueño, los usuarios de ARBZ mostraron valores más altos al inicio y al final del tratamiento ambos grupos mostraron una reducción de estos valores.
Conclusiones: la desprescripción es factible y segura. Sin embargo, existe resistencia tanto por parte de los pacientes como de los prescriptores. Los niveles de ansiedad, depresión y calidad del sueño mejoraron tras la retirada de la ARBZ.
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Derechos de autor 2023 PAJAR - Pan-American Journal of Aging Research
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