Bullying: Teachers’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2014.2.12683Keywords:
Bullying, school violence, interaction teacher-student, aggressiveness, adolescence.Abstract
This study’s objective was to investigate whether 6th grade teachers knew, identified and how they intervened in bullying situations occurring in classrooms. Participants were six teachers and the data were obtained through the focus group technique in 2010. Content analysis was used to treat the collected material. The results revealed that the teachers did not have sufficient knowledge concerning the main characteristics of this phenomenon, nor realized how serious it is. Their interventions were mostly occasional and limited to the events they identified and after their occurrence. The teachers reported not being sufficiently prepared to identify and deal with students’ aggressive behavior. Hence, we infer that teacher training is an important aspect that should be addressed in bullying prevention and intervention programs.Downloads
References
Allen, K. P. (2010). Classroom management, bullying, and teacher practices. The Professional Educator, 34(1), 01-16.
Antoni, C., Martins, C., Ferronato, M. A., Simões, A., Maurente, V., Costa, F., & Koller, S. H. (2001). Grupo focal: método qualitativo de pesquisa com adolescentes em situação de risco. Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia, 53(2), 38-53.
Associação Brasileira Multiprofissional de Proteção à Criança e ao Adolescente – ABRAPIA. (2002). Programa de redução do comportamento agressivo entre estudantes. Disponível em: http://www.observatoriodainfancia.com.br/IMG/pdf/doc-154.pdf. Acesso em: 29 dez. 2009.
Ahtola, A., Haataja, A., Kärnä, A., Poskiparta, E., & Salmivalli, C. (2012). For children only? Effects of the KiVa antibullying program on teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(6), 851-859. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2012.03.006
Bardin, L. (2010). Análise de conteúdo. Lisboa: Edições 70.
Boggio, F., & Pavão, T. M. (2005). Pitoco de guache. In Pavão, T. M. Fudêncio e seus amigos [vídeo]. Brasil: Music Television. Acessado em: 26 de agosto de 2010. Disponivel em: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fLb60SZlEpk
Boulton, M., Woodmansey, H., Williams, E., Spells, R., Nicholas, B., Laxton, E., Holman, G., & Duke, E. (2012). Associations between peer bullying and classroom concentration: evidence for mediation by perceived personal safety and relationship with teacher. Educational Psychology, 32(3), 277-294. doi: 10.1080/01443410.2011.648903
Caravita, S. C. S., Di Blasio, P., & Salmivalli, C. (2009). Unique and Interactive Effects of Empathy and Social Status on Involvement in Bullying. Social Development, 18(1), 140-163. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9507.2008.00465.x
Carroll, A., Houghton, S., Wood, R., Unsworth, K., Hattie, J., Gordon, L., & Bower, J. (2009). Self-efficacy and academic achievement in Australian high school students: the mediating effects of academic aspirations and delinquency. Journal of Adolescence, 32(4), 797-817. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.10.009
Dake, J. A., Price, J. H., Telljohann, S. K., & Funk, J. B. (2003). Teacher perceptions and practices regarding school bullying prevention. Journal of School Health, 73(9), 347-355.
Due, P., Holstein, B. E., Lynch, J., Diderichsen, F., Gabhain, S. N., Scheidt, P., & Currie, C. (2005). Bullying and symptoms among school-aged children: International comparative cross sectional study in 28 countries. European Journal of Public Health, 15(1), 128-132. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/cki105
Fisher, R. M. (2010). Bullying escolar no Brasil: relatório final. São Paulo: CEATS/FIA. Disponível em: http://escoladafamilia.fde.sp.gov.br/v2/Arquivos/pesquisa-bullying escolar no brasil.pdf. Acessado em: 07 ago. 2011.
Fung, A. L. (2012). Intervention for aggressive victims of school bullying in Hong Kong: a longitudinal mixed-methods study. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 53(4), 360-367. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2012.00953.x
Hansen, T. B., Steenberg, L. M., Palic, S., & Elklit, A. (2012). A review of psychological factors related to bullying victimization in schools. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(4), 383-387. doi: 10.1016/j.avb.2012.03.008
Hektner, J. M., & Swenson, C. A. (2012). Links from teacher beliefs to peer victimization and bystander intervention tests of mediating processes. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 32(4), 516-536. doi: 10.1177/0272431611402502
Hernandez, D., Floden, L., & Bosworth, K. (2010). How safe is a school? An exploratory study comparing measures and perceptions of safety. Journal of School Violence, 9(4), 357-374. doi: 10.1080/15388220.2010.508133
Janosz, M., Archambault, I., Pagani, L. S., Pascal, S., Morin, A. J. S., & Bowen, F. (2008). Are there detrimental effects of witnessing school violence in early adolescence? Journal of Adolescent Health, 43(1), 600-608. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.04.011
Kumpulainen, K., Räsänen, E., Henttonen, I., Almqvist, F., Kresanov, K., Linna, S. L., Moilanen, I., Piha, J., Puura, K., & Tamminen, T. (1998). Bullying and psychiatric symptoms among elementary school-age children. Child Abuse Neglect, 22(7), 705-717.
Leff, S. S., Kupersmidt, J. B., Power, T. J., & Patterson, C. J. (1999). Factors influencing teacher identification of peer bullies and victims. School Psychology Review, 28(3), 505-517.
Lisboa, C., Braga, L. L., & Ebert, G. (2009). O fenômeno bullying ou vitimização entre pares na atualidade: definições, formas de manifestação e possibilidades de intervenção. Contextos Clínicos, 2, 59-71.
Magklara, K., Skapinakis, P., Gkatsa, T., Bellos, S., Araya, R., Stylianidis, S., & Mavreas, V. (2012). Bullying behaviour in schools, socioeconomic position and psychiatric morbidity: a crosssectional study in late adolescents in Greece. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 6(8), 02-13.
Malta, D. C., Silva, M. A. I., Mello, F. C. M., Monteiro, R. A., Sardinha, L. M. V., Crespo, C., & Porto, D. L. (2010). Bullying nas escolas brasileiras: resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), 2009. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 15(Suppl. 2), 3065-3076. doi: 10.1590/S1413-81232010000800011
Minayo, M. C. S. (2010). O desafio do conhecimento: pesquisa qualitativa em saúde. São Paulo: Hucitec.
Olweus, D. (2013). School Bullying: Development and Some Important Challenges. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9(1), 751-780. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185516
O’Moore, M., & Kirkham, C. (2001). Self-esteem and its relationship to bullying behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 27(1), 269-283. doi: 10.1002/ab.1010
Powell, R. A., & Single, H. M. (1996). Focus groups. International Journal of Quality in Health Care, 8(5), 499-504. doi: 10.1093/intqhc/8.5.499
Pingoelo, I., & Horiguela, M. L. M. (2010). Bullying na sala de aula. De Jure: Revista Jurídica do Ministério Público do Estado de Minas Gerais, 15(2), 145-156.
Pires, J. (2011). A pesquisa e os jovens que dela participaram. In Minayo, M. C. S., Assis, S. G., & Njaine, K. (Eds.). Amor e violência: um paradoxo das relações de namoro e do ‘ficar’ entre jovens brasileiros (pp. 45-54). Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz.
Rech, R. R., Halpern, R., Tedesco, A., & Santos, D. F. (2013). Prevalence and characteristics of victims and perpetrators of bullying. Jornal De Pediatria, 89(2), 164-170. doi: 10.1016/
j.jped.2013.03.006
Roth, G., Kanat-Maymon, Y., & Bibi. (2011). Prevention of school bullying: the important role of autonomy-supportive teaching and internalization of pro-social values. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(3), 654-666. doi: 10.1348/2044-8279.002003
Rothon, C., Head, J., Klineberg, E., & Stansfeld, S. (2011). Can social support protect bullied adolescents from adverse outcomes? A prospective study on the effects of bullying on the educational achievement and mental health of adolescents at secondary schools in East London. Journal of Adolescence, 34(1), 579-588. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.02.007
Salmivalli, C., & Voeten, M. (2004). Connections between attitudes, group norms, and behaviour in bullying situations. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28(3), 246-258. doi: 10.1080/01650250344000488
Sampson, R. (2009). Bullying in Schools. New York, NY: Center for Problem-Oriented Policing.
Silva, L. C., & Nogueira, M. A. (2008). Indisciplina ou violência na escola: uma distinção possível e necessária. In Gonçalves, L. A. O., & Tosta, S. P. (Eds.). A síndrome do medo contemporâneo e a violência na escola (pp. 15-62). Belo Horizonte, MG: Autêntica.
Silva, M. A., Pereira, B., Mendonca, D., Nunes, B., & Oliveira, W. A. (2013). The involvement of girls and boys with bullying: an analysis of gender differences. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 10(12), 6820-6831. doi: 10.3390/ijerph10126820
Smith, P. K., Smith, C., Osborn, R., & Samara, M. (2008). A content analysis of school anti-bullying policies: progress and limitations. Educational Psychology in Practice, 24(1), 1-12. doi: 10.1080/02667360701661165
Thornberg, R., Thornberg, U. B., Alamaa, R., & Daud, N. (2014). Children’s conceptions of bullying and repeated conventional transgressions: moral, conventional, structuring and personal-choice reasoning. Educational Psychology, 1-17. doi: 10.1080/ 01443410.2014.915929
Yoon, J. S., & Kerber, K. (2003). Bullying: elementary teachers’ attitudes and intervention strategies. Research in Education, 69(1), 27-36.
Zaine, I., Reis, M. J. D., & Pandovani, R. C. (2010). Comportamentos de bullying e conflito com a lei. Estudos de Psicologia, 27(3), 375-382. doi: 10.1590/S0103-166X2010000300009
Wendt, G. W., Campos, D. M. d., & Lisboa, C. S. M. (2010). Agressão entre pares e vitimização no contexto escolar: bullying, cyberbullying e os desafios para a educação contemporânea. Cadernos de Psicopedagogia, 8, 41-52.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright
The submission of originals to Psico implies the transfer by the authors of the right for publication. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication. If the authors wish to include the same data into another publication, they must cite Psico as the site of original publication.
Creative Commons License
Except where otherwise specified, material published in this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, which allows unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is correctly cited.