The Relationship Between Postpartum Depression and Social Support: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2014.4.15423Keywords:
Postpartum depression, Social support, Bibliographic research.Abstract
In order to conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature on the relationship between postpartum (PPD) depression and social support, it was carried out a survey of online articles that have established this relationship. The search for papers published from January 2000 to August 2011 was performed in the databases APA PsycNET, EBSCOhost, Pepsic, PubMed, and Scielo. It was selected studies written in Portuguese or English, that had used quantitative method, the Edinburgh Scale of Post-partum Depression Scale (EPDS), applied between delivery and 12 months from childbirth to evaluate PPD, and social support measures. It was identified 24 articles, conducted in 11 countries. It was examined, besides the association with social support measures, the number and age of participants, EPDS scores, and other factors associated with the occurrence of PPD. Although using different instruments to assess social support, 23 studies (96% of sample size) have found that the higher the social support perceived by mothers, the lower the prevalence of PPD. The results of this work show, particularly for health professionals and health services, the importance of early detection of depression signs, and of the adoption of preventive measures in the care for women during and after pregnancy.Downloads
References
Aliane, P. P., Mamede, M. V., & Furtado, E. F. (2011). Revisão sistemática sobre fatores de risco associados à depressão pós-parto Psicologia em Pesquisa, 5(02), 146-155.
Boyce, P. & Hickey, A. (2005). Psychosocial risk factors to major depression after childbirth. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 40(8), 605-612. doi:10.1007/s00127-005-0931-0
Cantilino, A., Zambaldi. C. F., Sougey. E. B., & Rennó Jr., J. (2010). Transtornos psiquiátricos no pós-parto. Revista de Psiquiatria Clínica, 37(6), 278-284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-60832010000600006
Castro, A. A., Saconato, H., Guidugli, F., & Clark, O.A.C. (2002) Curso de revisão sistemática e metanálise [Online]. São Paulo: LED-DIS/UNIFESP. Recuperado em 09 de outubro de 2011 de http://www.virtual.epm.br/cursos/metanalise
Cox, L., Holden, J. M., & Sagovsky, R. (1987). Detection of postnatal depression: development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 782-786. doi:10.1192/bjp.150.6.782.
Da Costa, D., Larouche, J., Dritsa, M., & Brender, W. (2000). Psychosocial correlates of prepartum and postpartum depressed mood. Journal of Affective Disorders, 59(1), 31-40. doi: 10.1016/S0165-0327(99)00128-7
Dagher, R. K., McGovern, P. M., Dowd, B. E., & Lundberg, U. (2011). Postpartum depressive symptoms and the combined load of paid and unpaid work: a longitudinal analysis. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 84(7), 735-743. doi: 10.1007/s00420-011-0626-7
Dennis, C.-L. & Letourneau, N. (2007).Global and relationship-specific perceptions of support and the development of postpartum depressive symptomatology. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 42(5), 389-395. doi:10.1007/s00127-007-0172-5
Dindar, I. & Erdogan, S. (2007). Screening of Turkish women for postpartum depression within the first postpartum year: the risk profile of a community sample. Public Health Nursing, 24(2), 176-183. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.2007.00622.x
Ege, E., Timur, S., Zincir, H., Geçkil, E., & Sunar-Reeder, B. (2008).Social support and symptoms of postpartum depression among new mothers in Eastern Turkey.Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Research, 34(4), 585-593. doi:10.1111/j.1447-0756.2008.00718.x
Escribà-Agüir, V. & Artazcoz, L. (2011). Gender differences in postpartum depression: a longitudinal cohort study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 65(4), 320-326. doi: 10.1136/jech.2008.085894
Fonseca, V. R. J. R. M., Silva, G. A., & Otta, E. (2010). Relação entre depressão pós-parto e disponibilidade emocional materna. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 26(4), 738-746. doi: 10.1590/S0102-311X2010000400016.
Forman, D. N., Videbech, P., Hedegaard, M., Salvig, J. D., & Secher, N. J. (2000). Postpartum depression: identification of women at risk. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 107(10), 1210-1217. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11609.x
Gao, L.L., Chan, S. W.C., & Mao, Q. (2009). Depression, perceived stress, and social support among first-time Chinese mothers and fathers in the postpartum period. Research in Nursing & Health, 32(1), 50-58. doi: 10.1002/nur.20306
Gibson J, McKenzie-McHarg K, Shakespeare J, Price, J, & Gray, R.(2009). A systematic review of studies validating the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in antepartum and postpartum women. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 119(5), 350-364.
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01363.x
Heh, S.-S., Coombesb, L., & Bartlett, H. (2004).The association between depressive symptoms and social support in Taiwanese women during the month. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 41(5), 573-579. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.01.003
Kirpinar, I., Gözüm, S., & Pasinlioğlu, T. (2010). Prospective study of postpartum depression in eastern Turkey prevalence, socio-demographic and obstetric correlates, prenatal anxiety and early awareness. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19(3-4), 422-431. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.03046.x
Kuscu, M. K., Akman, I., Karabekiroglu, A., Yurdakul, Z., Orhan, L., Ozdemir, N., Akman, M., & Ozek, E. (2008). Early adverse emotional response to childbirth in Turkey: The impact of maternal attachment styles and family support. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, 29(1), 33-38. doi: 10.1080/01674820701535480
Lau, Y. & Wong, D. F. K. (2008). The role of social support in helping Chinese women with perinatal depressive symptoms cope with family conflict. JOGNN: Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 37(5), 556-571. doi: 10.1111/ j.1552-6909.2008.00273.x
Lee, D. T. S., Yip, A.S. K., Leung, T. Y. S., & Chung, T. K. H (2004). Ethnoepidemiology of postnatal depression: Prospective multivariate study of sociocultural risk factors in a Chinese population in Hong Kong. British Journal of Psychiatry, 184(1), 34-40. doi: 10.1192/bjp.184.1.34
Leung, S. S. K., Martinson, I. M., & Arthur, D. (2005). Postpartum depression and related psychosocial variables in Hong Kong Chinese women: Findings from a prospective study. Research in Nursing & Health, 28(1), 27-38. doi: 10.1002/nur.20053
Mao, Q., Zhu, L.-X., & Su, X.-Y.(2011). A comparison of postnatal depression and related factors between Chinese new mothers and fathers. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20(5/6), 645-652. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03542.x
McVey, C. & Tuohy, A. (2007). Differential effects of marital relationship and social support on three subscales identified within the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Journal of Reproductive & Infant Psychology, 25(3), 203-209. doi: 10.1080/02646830701467256
Mendonca, J. S., Bussab, V., Siqueira, J., Lucci, T. (2012). Post-partum depression among low-income Brazilian women: mother’s
perception of harmony in the relationship with the child during the first year of the child’s life. Anais do XIII World Congress of the World Association for Infant Mental Health. Cidade do Cabo, África do Sul. Recuperado de http://www.waimh.org/files/Congress/2012/IMHJ_Supplement2012/ em 20 ago. 2013.
Mohammad, K. I., Gamble, J., & Creedy, D. K. (2011). Prevalence and factors associated with the development of antenatal and postnatal depression among Jordanian women. Midwifery, 27(6), e238-e245. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2010.10.008.
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. The PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLOS Medicine, 6(6): e1000097. Recuperado http://www.plosmedicine.org. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed1000097 em 2 abr. 2014.
Ngaia, F. W. & Chan, S. W. C. (2010). Psychosocial factors and maternal wellbeing: An exploratory path analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48(6), 725-731. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2010.10.008
O’Hara, M. W. & Swain, A. M. (1996). Rates and risk of postpartum depression – a meta-analysis. International Review of Psychiatry, 8(1), 37-54 doi: 10.3109/09540269609037816
Organização Mundial da Saúde (2007). CID-10 Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde (10ª ed.). São Paulo: EDUSP/Autor.
Özbaşaran, F., Çoban, A., & Kucuk, M. (2011). Prevalence and risk factors concerning postpartum depression among women within early postnatal periods in Turkey. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 283(3), 483-490. doi: 10.1007/s00404-010-1402-8
Quelopana, A.M., Champion, J. D., & Rubilar, T.R. (2011). Factors associated with postpartum depression in Chilean women. Health Care Women International Journal, 32(10), 939-49. doi: 10.1080/07399332.2011.603866
Robertson, E., Grace, S, Wellington T., & Stewart. D.E.(2004). Antenatal risk factors for postpartum depression: a synthesis of recent literature. General Hospital Psychiatry, 26, 289-295. Recuperado de
http://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10315/2553 em 03 abr. 2014.
Santos, C. M. T., Almeida, G. O., & Souza, T. S. (2009). Depressão pós-parto: revisão da literatura. Psicologia em Foco, 3(2), 1-11. Recuperado de http://linux.alfamaweb.com.br/sgw/downloads em 12 fev. 2012.
Sherbourne, C. D. &. Stewart, A. L. (1991). The MOS Social Support Survey. Social Science and Medicine, 32(6), 705-714.
Silva, R., Jansens, K., Souza, L., Quevedo,L., Barbosa, L., Moraes, I, Horta, B., & Pinheiro, R. (2012). Sociodemographic risk factors of perinatal depression: a cohort study in the public health care system. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 34(2), 143-148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-44462012000200005
Thoits, P. A. (1995). Stress, coping, and social support processes: Where are we? What next? Journal of Health and Social Behavior. (Extra Issue), 53-79.
Webster, J., Linnane, J. W. J., Dibley, L. M., Hinson, J. K., Starrenburg, S. E., & Roberts, J. A. (2000). Measuring social support in pregnancy: can it be simple and meaningful? Birth: Issues in Perinatal Care, 27(2), 97-103. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-536x.2000.00097.x
Webster, J., Nicholas, C., Velacott, C., Cridland, N., & Fawcett, L. (2011). Quality of life and depression following childbirth: impact of social support. Midwifery, 27(5), 745-749. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2010.05.014
Xie, R. H., Yang, J., Liao, S., Xie, H., Walker, M., & Wen, S. W. (2010). Prenatal family support, postnatal family support and postpartum depression. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 50(4), 340-345. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2010.01185.x
Yağmur, Y. & Ulukoca, N. (2010). Social support and postpartum depression in low-socioeconomic level postpartum women in Eastern Turkey. International Journal of Public Health, 55(6), 543-549. doi: 10.1007/s00038-010-0182-z
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright
The submission of originals to Psico implies the transfer by the authors of the right for publication. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication. If the authors wish to include the same data into another publication, they must cite Psico as the site of original publication.
Creative Commons License
Except where otherwise specified, material published in this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, which allows unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is correctly cited.
