Adaptación Materna al Trastorno del Espectro Autista: las Relaciones entre las Creencias, los Sentimientos y los Factores Psicosociales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2015.4.18480Palabras clave:
Autismo, Interacción madre-hijo, Factores psicosociales, Estudio de caso.Resumen
Las creencias y los sentimientos relacionados con el desarrollo del niño con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) tienen un papel importante en la adaptación materna. Sin embargo, estos factores no son siempre entendidos en base a los aspectos psicosociales. Objetivo: investigar las creencias y sentimientos de las madres de niños con TEA y relacionarlos con factores psicosociales, basado en el metamodelo biopsicosocial del Bradford. Diseño: estudio múltiples casos, transversal y exploratoria. Participantes: cuatro madres (edad: 38-45 años) los niños con ASD (edades: 3 años y 5 meses a 6 años y 9 meses). Instrumentos: Entrevista Percepción Materna, Entrevista de Datos Demográficos y del Desarrollo Infantil y Cuestionario de Salud General de Goldberg (QSG). Resultados: las creencias maternas sobre el desarrollo infantil, la capacidad para identificar habilidades y su sentido de autoeficacia se relacionan con varios factores psicosociales, como la percepción de los recursos intra y extrafamiliares, la calidad de los sistemas de salud. Se argumenta que el impacto del diagnóstico puede estar mediada por factores psicosociales.
Descargas
Citas
American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5ºed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Aquino, F.B. & Salomão, N.M.R. (2011). Percepções Maternas Acerca das Habilidades Sociocomunicativas de Bebês. Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão, 31 (2), 252-267.
Baker, J.K., Messinger, D.S., Lyons, K.K., & Grantz, C.J. (2010). A Pilot of Maternal Sensitivity in the Context of Emergent Autism. Journal of Autism and Development Disorders,40, 988-999.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: the exercise of control. New York: W.H.Freeman.
Bardin, L. (1979). Análise de Conteúdo. (L.A. Reto & A. Pinheiro, Trad.). São Paulo, Martins Fontes (Original publicado em 1977).
Benson, P.R. & Kersh, J. (2011). Marital Quality and Psychological Adjustment Among Mothers of Children with ASD: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Relationships. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(12), 1675-1685.
Beurkens, N.M, Hobson, J. E Hobson, P.R. (2012). Autism Severity and Qualities of Parent–Child Relations. Journal of Autism and Development Disorders, 1-11.
Blacher, J., Baker, B.L e Kaladjian, A. (2012). Syndrome Specificity and Mother–Child Interactions: Examining Positive and Negative Parenting Across Contexts and Time. Journal of Autism and Development Disorders, 1-14.
Bosa, C. A. (1998). Affect, communication and self-stimulation in children with and without autism: a systematic observation study of joint attention and requesting behaviours. Unpublished masther’s thesis. University of London: London, UK.
Bradford, R. (1997). Children, families and chronic disease: Psychological models and methods of care. London: Routledge. Bromley, J., Hare, D. J., Davison, K., & Emerson, E. (2004). Mothers supporting children with autistic spectrum disorders Social support, mental health status and satisfaction with services. Autism, 8(4), 409-423.
Cappe, E., Wolff, M., Bobet, R., & Adrien, J. L. (2011). Quality of life: a key variable to consider in the evaluation of adjustment in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders and in the development of relevant support and assistance programmes. Quality of Life Research, 20(8), 1279-1294.
Dale, E., Jahoda, A., & Knott, F. (2006). Mothers' attributions following their child's diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorder Exploring links with maternal levels of stress, depression and expectations about their child's future. Autism, 10(5), 463-479.
Davis, N. O., & Carter, A. S. (2008). Parenting stress in mothers and fathers of toddlers with autism spectrum disorders: Associations with child characteristics. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 1278–1291.
Dolev, S., Oppenheim, D., Koren-Karie, N., & Yirmiya, N. (2009). Emotional Availability in Mother-Child Interaction: The Case of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Parenting: Science and Practice, 9, 183–197.
Donenberg, G., & Baker, B. L. (1993). The impact of young children with externalizing behaviors on their families. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 21(2), 179-198.
Ekas, N.V., Lickenbrock, D.M. & Whitman, T.L. (2010). Optimism, Social Support, and Well-Being in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(10), 1274 1284.
Ekas, N. V., & Whitman, T. L. (2010). Autism symptom topography and maternal socioemotional functioning. American Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 115, 234–249.
Fávero, M. Â. B., & Santos, M. D. (2005). Autismo infantil e estresse familiar: uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 18(3), 358-369.
Halpern, R., Victora, C. G., Barros, F. C., Horta, B. L., & Giugliani, E. R. J. (2000). Fatores de risco para suspeita de atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor aos 12 meses de vida. Jornal de pediatria, 76 (6), 421-428.
Hastings, R. P., & Taunt, H. M. (2002). Positive perceptions in families of children with developmental disabilities. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 107, 116–127.
Hebert, E. B., & Koulouglioti, C. (2010). Parental beliefs about cause and course of their child's autism and outcomes of their beliefs: A review of the literature. Issues in comprehensive pediatric nursing, 33(3), 149-163.
Hutman, T., Siller, M. & Sigman, M. (2009). Mothers’ narratives regarding their child with autism predict maternal synchronous behavior during play. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50 (10), 1255–1263.
Konstantareas, M. M., Homatidis, S., Plowright, C. M. S. (1992). Assessing Resources and Stress in Parents of Severely Dysfunctional Children Through the Clarke Modification of Holroyd's Questionnaire on Resources and Stress. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 22(2).
Laville, C., & Dionne, J. (1999). A construção do saber: manual de metodologia da pesquisa em ciências humanas. Artmed; UFMG. Lickenbrock, D. M., Ekas, N. V., & Whitman, T. L. (2011). Feeling good, feeling bad: Influences of maternal perceptions of the child and marital adjustment on well-being in mothers of children with an autism spectrum disorder. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 41(7), 848-858.
Marques, M. H., Dixe, R. M. A. (2011). Crianças e jovens autistas: impacto na dinâmica familiar e pessoal de seus pais. Revista de Psiquiatria Clínica, 38(2), 66-70.
Pasquali, L., Gouveia, V.V., Andriola, W.B., Miranda, F.J. & Ramos, A.L.M. (1994). Questionário de Saúde Geral de Goldberg (QSG): adaptação brasileira. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa,10, 421-437.
Phelps, K., McCammon, S., Wuensch, K., & Golden, J. (2009). Enrichment, stress, and growth from caring for an individual with an autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 34, 133–141.
Pinker, S. (2004). Why nature & nurture won't go away. Daedalus, 133(4), 5-17.
Poslawsky, I. E., Naber, F. B., Van Daalen, E., & Van Engeland, H. (2014). Parental Reaction to Early Diagnosis of Their Children’s Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Study. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 45(3), 294-305.
Pottie, C. G., Cohen, J. & Ingram, K. M. (2009). Parenting a child with autism: Contextual factors associated with enhanced daily parental mood. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 34, 419–429.
Schmidt, C., & Bosa, C. (2003). A investigação do impacto do autismo na família: revisão crítica da literatura e proposta de um novo modelo. Interação em Psicologia, 7(2), 111-120.
Schmidt, C. & Bosa, C. (2007). Estresse e auto-eficácia em mães de pessoas com autismo. Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia, 59(2), 179-191.
Seidl-de-Moura, M. L., Ribas, R. C. Jr., Piccinini, C. A., Bastos, A. C. S, Magalhães, C. M. C, Vieira, M. L., et al. (2004). Conhecimento sobre desenvolvimento infantil em mães primíparas de diferentes centros urbanos do Brasil. Estudos de Psicologia, 9(3), 421-429.
Semensato, M. (2013). Elaboração do diagnostico de autismo do filho: indicativos de resiliência parental. Unpublished masther’s thesis. Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre, Brasil.
Semensato, M., Schmidt, C., & Bosa, C. (2010). Grupo de familiares de pessoas com autismo: relatos de experiências parentais. Aletheia, 32, 183-194.
Sofronoff, K., & Farbotko, M. (2002). The effectiveness of parent management training to increase self-efficacy in parents of children with Asperger syndrome. Autism, 6(3), 271-286.
Tunali, B., & Power, T. (2002). Coping by redefinition: Cognitive appraisals in mothers of children with autism and children without autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32, 25-34.
Yin, R. K., (2004). Case study research: design and methods (2nd ed) London: SAGE Publications.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de Autor
La sumisión de originales para la Psico implica la transferencia, por los autores, de los derechos de publicación. El copyright de los artículos de esta revista es el autor, junto con los derechos de la revista a la primera publicación. Los autores sólo podrán utilizar los mismos resultados en otras publicaciones indicando claramente a Psico como el medio de la publicación original.
Creative Commons License
Excepto donde especificado de modo diferente, se aplican a la materia publicada en este periódico los términos de una licencia Creative Commons Atribución 4.0 Internacional, que permite el uso irrestricto, la distribución y la reproducción en cualquier medio siempre y cuando la publicación original sea correctamente citada.
