Relectio C. Novit De Iudiciis

Martín de Azpilcueta Navarro and the distinction between the Ecclesiastic and the Secular Powers in the contexto of the Iberian Neoscholasticism

Abstract

This article aims to presents a more detailed and explanatory analysis of the work Relectio C. Novit de Iudiciis (“On the Supreme Power”), by Martín de Azpilcueta Navarro, also known as Doctor Navarro, theologian and jurist of the XVI century who had a strong influence in his studies and teaching at european universities, especially on the iberian universities of Alcalá, Salamanca and Coimbra. It presents biographical aspects of Doctor Navarro, his influence on the scholastic methodological renewal that structured the Second Scholasticism among personalities such as Francisco de Vitoria and Domingo de Soto, standing out more clearly in the fields of Canon Law and Moral Theology. It is also worth noting the historical context that led to the elaboration of the work analyzed, its antecedents in the Papal Revolution and the most important aspects of the work itself, which is the distinction between the ecclesiastic and secular powers. In addition, he delves into other important contributions of Doctor Navarro, such as his participation in the Spanish Inquisition, his influence in the formulation of the Ius gentium, influence in the structuring of the Society of Jesus and the formulation of his Quantitative Theory of Money, great principiological framework of his moral concepts within the socioeconomic reality of the iberian Conquest.